The Usage Of Information And Communication Technologies Education Essay

AbstractionThe universities expenditure on computing machine substructure has increased dramatically for the last five old ages, as the establishments attempts to intermix ICTs into all facets of instruction and acquisition. And with the revolution in ICTs connectivity, handiness, package and hardware handiness is no longer an major issue. As universities are puting immense sum in incorporating ICT into faculty members and the survey aims to understand the pupils and instructors positions on the usage of information and communicating engineerings ( ICTs ) as teaching-learning tools in higher instruction. The survey aims to derive a better apprehension of the function engineerings play in back uping teaching-learning activities and penetration into what pupils and teacher perceive to be the benefits and restrictions of utilizing engineerings in higher instruction. The survey focuses on the alterations in pupil ‘s communicating form with the coming of ICTs. A study was conducted utilizing a graded sampling technique and a structured questionnaire was employed to roll up informations from five 100 pupils of Anna University across all subjects. To understand the instructor ‘s perceptual experience of ICTs an in-depth interview has been conducted among 50 instructors from Anna University. The survey reveals that the pupils are able to have big content in different formats from assorted beginnings and these content fulfil the single demands of the pupils. Networking and interaction among instructors and pupils helps to unclutter the uncertainties round the clock. The technological discovery encourages the pupils to come out of their inhabitancy and is motivated to take part in capable based treatments. This transforms the University campus from the inactive to collaborative and progressive establishment.IntroductionIntegration of ICT in Higher instruction: The bend towards the computing machine based teaching-learning over the past 20 old ages is assumed to hold revolutionized and revitalized the higher instruction sector. Thus, stark ultimatums continue to be made by instruction engineers that universities must either ‘transform or decease ‘ in the face of technological advancement ( Bates, 2004 ) . Higher instruction is undergoing a paradigm displacement by incorporating engineering to leave instruction. The ICT-driven alterations have left constructs like distance and clip wholly excess. What is needed now is the right sort of models for different manners of acquisition and it is indispensable that alterations anticipated over the following decennary or two be taken into consideration. The estimated worth of ICT in India is Rs 4,00,000 crore and is turning at 20 per cent yearly. â€Å" By the twelvemonth 2020, about 25 per cent of India ‘s economic system will be accounted by ICT entirely ( Bhatkar, 2011 ) . While universities have begun to recognize that the acceptance and integrating of information and communicating engineerings ( ICT ) has become a competitory necessity, they have besides begun to recognize that there is still much to larn about how to strategically place ICT to guarantee the greatest positive consequence on university success. ( Romaniello, Rey, Carlos, & A ; Medlin, 2010 ) . Impact of ICT can non be straight measured and can merely be measured by analyzing its indirect effects on the procedure of instruction and acquisition. Universities need to see how technology-based instructional plans are mounted to guarantee that pupils use the Internet effectively as a acquisition tool for assorted reliable larning activities such as carry oning research on a given subject or happening relevant information for an assignment. The Internet can supply the undermentioned three basic types of tools in the educational sphere: Tools for enquiry, Tools for communicating, Tools for bu ilding ( Gudanescu, 2010 ) . 1.2 Information communicating engineering revolution Introduction compose up on ICT with commendations Harmonizing to the wiki books ICT is defined as â€Å" Diverse set of technological tools and resources used to pass on, and to make, circulate, shop, and manage information. These engineerings include computing machines, the Internet, airing engineerings ( wireless and telecasting ) , and telephone. In recent old ages tremendous involvement has been shown by academicians, developers and policy shapers on how computing machines and cyberspace can be efficaciously used for instruction at all degrees. ICT has a important impact in the manner instructors and pupils communicate. Communication in the learning procedure provides a transportation of information between university instructors and pupils. e.g. e-mail communicating over the Internet. Such a natural manner of communicating is verbal ( face to face ) or non-verbal where there is an absence of personal contact of consigner with the perceiver changes the natural theoretical account of communicating between instructors and pupils. The Internet has been interfering with the class of the educational procedure at universities because the modern-day coevals of pupils is sing the Internet to be a to the full natural agencies of communicating non merely between themselves but besides with their instructors. This means of communicating is characterized by important positives ( particularly for external survey ) , but besides negative facets pre-described by the clip facet and particularly by non managing the regulations of such manne r of communicating by pupils. It is for these grounds that the part is dedicated to the Internet communicating at two degrees: university instructors and pupils, the positive and negative facets, which evidently complicate the educational procedure. ( ZeleA?akova , Pavolova , & A ; Bakalar, 2012 ) 1.3 ICT integrating At Anna University: Anna University has taken several enterprises to heighten instruction both by being the content supplier and by supplying the proficient substructure. Digital acquisition is offered to the pupils in assorted formats like Cadmium, entree to e diaries and books through the intranet, audio-video talks programmes are offered free on the web. Video Conference / Video-on-demand installation enable the pupils / module to take part in talks delivered in any campus. Anna University has late introduced Wi-Fi ( wireless cyberspace connexion ) for the pupils and staff which made cyberspace entree possible anyplace, anytime in the campus. This has lead to a dramatic addition in pupils ‘ usage of omnipresent engineerings over a period of one twelvemonth. With the turning trust on information systems and increasing celerity of the debut of new engineerings into larning environment, placing the critical factors related to user credence of engineering continues to be an of import issue. 1.4 Barriers in effectual acceptance of ICT in Universities: The organisational civilization of traditional higher instruction establishments is still defined mostly by the function of the module. The propensity of the mean module member to put in new teaching methods is undermined by two features of traditional academic civilization: the famine of inducements to advance invention in learning excellence and the isolation in which most pedagogical determinations are made. In fact, module members have about absolute liberty over determinations sing instructional quality within the schoolroom, taking one perceiver to mention to higher instruction as â€Å" one of the last centres of craft-based production † ( Taylor 1998 ) . That theoretical account will stay sustainable at some, but non all, traditional establishments. Those driven by external forces to do the most marked alterations will happen their success closely linked to their ability to prolong occupation satisfaction among their module members. 1.5 Need for the survey: Despite immense attempts to place computing machine engineering as a cardinal dogma of university instruction, the fact that many pupils and module make merely limited formal academic usage of ICT during their instruction and acquisition is less discussed by educational engineers. Contradicting the impression of the ‘cyber-campus ‘ , the existent formal usage of new engineerings in undergraduate and alumnus surveies remains inconsistent and extremely variable from class to class and establishment to establishment ( Breen et al. 2001 ; Marriott et Al. 2004 ) . Classroom uses of potentially powerful information engineerings are seen to frequently take the decreased signifier of ‘mindless activities ‘ that do little to change the outlooks, premises, and patterns of higher instruction instruction ( Moule 2003 ) . Regardless of the benefits of ICT supported instruction, it is seen that ICT supported instruction has non been promoted at a coveted degree in the instruction procedure. Among the grounds stated are the concerns that pupils involvement in topic will diminish and pupils get distracted due limited figure of computing machines. On the portion of instructors they have non acquire the needed preparation to utilize ICT efficaciously for learning acquisition and are reported non to happen sufficient clip to be able to utilize computing machines, due to the deficiency of proficient support and strength of the course of study. Above mentioned are some of the issues that are barriers in effectual execution of ICT in instruction.2. Previous ResearchMillennial, Electronic Natives, the Net Generation, many names have been used to depict the new coevals of college pupils, whom experts have identified as being clearly different from the old coevalss in footings of their technological abilities, te amwork accomplishments and openness to participatory teaching methods. However there is general understanding that younger pupils do non hold the same attributes as their older opposite numbers, bookmans and observers still offer divergent appraisals of this contrast. Such contrastive histories suggest that even if younger pupils have greater degrees of comfort or proficiency with new engineerings, it is still problematic whether such traits needfully entail more unfastened, progressive, or positive positions of the educational procedure. ICT is transforming all facets of society-from instruction to civic engagement, employment to leisure. Some writers are optimistic and argue that ICTs can take down costs, supply users with more information, make markets more efficient, and better public service. Some go farther and argue that ICTs can do societies healthier, wealthier and more democratic. While others are more doubting about the adoptability of ICT in higher instruction. Any kid born since the beginning of this century is turning up in a digital universe. Those born at the start of the century, already in the in-between old ages of primary school, have been dubbed the â€Å" Net coevals † or, more descriptively, â€Å" digital indigens † ( Prensky, 2001 ) . Oblinger and Oblinger ‘s ( 2005 ) depict the features of the ‘net coevals ‘ – pupils born after 1980 – proposing that these pupils basically differ from old coevalss in the manner they process information and communicate ( and therefore learn ) . They argue that these pupils are comfy with engineerings and suggest that the ways in which they learn is task orientated and experiential. These scholars prefer to have information rapidly, are adept at treating information and multi-tasking, and utilizing multiple/multi-modal communicating channels to entree information and communicate with friends and coachs. However, Kennedy et Al. ( 2006 ) concur with Sharpe et Al. ‘s ( 2005 ) position that there is a famine of surveies looking specifically at pupil usage of engineerings, reasoning that more empirical research is needed to back up the claims made about the net coevals. They conducted a survey looking at pupils ‘ usage of emerging engineerings, concentrating on how pupils were utilizing these to pass on, print and portion information. Their initial findings point to extended usage of engineering by pupils ; they argue that this has considerable deductions for institutional policy and pattern. Kirkwood and Price ( 2005 ) reported on informations from the Open University crossing five old ages on pupils ‘ attitudes to and experiences of engineerings. They found that there was a dramatic addition in pupils ‘ entree to and usage of ICT over the five-year period. Their meta-analysis revealed that there were differences in pupil entree to, experience of and attitude towards engineerings across capable subjects. Take together these surveies suggest that engineerings are basically impacting on the ways in which pupils learn, but that more in-depth research is needed to understand the niceties of how pupils are utilizing engineerings to back up their acquisition. Surveies that focal point at a more powdered degree of analysis of pupils ‘ usage of engineering are besides of import in the context of our research. De Laat ( 2006 ) studied emergent pupil functions and battle with e-learning activities and found that pupils are actively involved in organizing and modu lating personal and shared acquisition activities. The findings showed that pupils at assorted phases of their class developed peculiar acquisition schemes and facilitation accomplishments to back up their online acquisition. Sweeping anticipations are frequently absorbing, but most alteration processes play out in nuanced and incremental ways. While alteration in higher instruction expedited by engineering is a safe stake for the hereafter, it is every bit certain that engineering acceptance will continue unevenly across the higher instruction landscape and be driven by a broad scope of factors. Switching demographic, market, political, and other forces will necessitate many colleges and universities to redefine their institutional civilizations and missions. In an exploratory survey that examined attitudes and use of ICT among undergraduate direction pupils in Barbados Glenda Gay, et Al ( 2006 ) observed that the pupils were by and large favorable towards ICT. Males were more inclined to integrate ICT in web based direction compared to other instruction activities. Older pupils were more interested in utilizing ICT merely as a addendum to learning activities. They suggest that university decision makers need to turn to the gender and age differences sing ICT use every bit good as develop schemes to keep positive pupil attitudes and high use of ICT. Our accent on digital ICT tools and applications in instruction mirrors profound structural alterations happening worldwide in communications and information industries. The ability to digitise parallel signals and convey them over telecommunications webs is ensuing in the restructuring of the wireless, telephone, telecasting, publication, amusement, and computing machine industries into new multimedia industries that create digital merchandises uniting voice, picture, text, artworks, images, and lifes, and present these signals electronically ( Bane, Bradley, & A ; Collins, 1995 ) . Indeed, the formal usage of computing machine engineerings in many countries of higher instruction could outdo be described as sporadic, uneven, and frequently ‘low degree ‘ ( in stark contrast to the frequently inventive and informal utilizations that pupils and module brand of engineerings like nomadic telephone and other personal digital devices ) . This state of affairs has prompted some observers to disregard ICT in higher instruction as nil more than a ‘service ‘ country of course of study and teaching method which many pupils and module are loath to prosecute with in an active or sustained mode ( Reffell & A ; Whitworth 2002 ) . While rethinking the topographic point of engineering Peter goodyear states â€Å" A important portion of the kineticss of invention in the field of instruction has been engineering push. As each emerging engineering comes onto the radio detection and ranging of instruction, a mix of old and new partisans spend their clip happening jobs that can be addressed by the new solutions. This is a healthy facet of the procedures of placing the educational affordances of a new tool or artifact, but it does promote an unhelpful mentality: one in which the new thrusts out the old, continuity of professional experience is undermined, and technological carts come before educational Equus caballuss. † Students are finally the chief donees of the push to capitalise on ICT to better the entree to and quality of higher instruction. Students in the twenty-first century are ICT indigens who welcome the debut of engineerings in their acquisition procedure. They may even demand the universities to overhaul their systems and learning patterns to maintain up with workplace demands. The anyplace, anytime manner of acquisition and the networked communities harmonize really good with immature people ‘s life styles and the communicating media of their clip and age. All e-learning classs will hold to be designed to fit their acquisition manners and demands. ( UNESCO, 2011 ) . A survey on pupils and university instructors questioning who reciprocally benefit from the Internet communicating in the acquisition procedure point to deficiency of a by and large acceptable degree of the Internet communicating. It indicates that on the one manus, pupils complain about the instead long clip for responses to their electronic mails from instructors every bit good as the reluctance of university instructors to take part in on-line communications. University instructors to a greater extent knock the quality of the Internet communicating with pupils but their demands are non declared clearly plenty or are non declared at all. Both pedagogues and pupils need to be trained to utilize ICT to increase the overall quality of instruction and the effectivity of the communicating between instructors and pupils ( ZeleA?akova , Pavolova , & A ; Bakalar, 2012 ) . Bennett and Bennett ( 2003 ) , who studied the impacts of sensed features of instructional engineering on module members ‘ willingness to incorporate it in their instruction, found out that the most of import factor which impedes the usage of engineering in higher instruction is non the deficiency of technological installations or fiscal financess, but module members ‘ reluctance and their incredulity in the usage of engineering. Medlin ( 2001 ) studied different variables and identified the factors which are likely to impact instructors ‘ determinations on doing usage of electronic engineerings throughout the instruction procedure and found out that the personal motive is an of import factor which forces module members to better their instruction methods and contribute to the acquisition of pupils by technological agencies. Jenny Waycott, Sue Bennett, Gregor Kennedy, Barney Dalgarno, Kathleen Gray ( 2009 ) in their survey that investigated Australian university staff and pupils ‘ perceptual experiences and usage of current and emerging engineerings both in their day-to-day lives and in instruction and larning contexts says that â€Å" For staff, the cardinal restrictions of utilizing engineerings in higher instruction were: additions to their work loads ; usability/technical issues ; the loss of face-to-face interaction.3. AimTo cognize the Teacher ‘s attitude and use of ICT for learning acquisition. To cognize the pupil ‘s attitude and use of ICT for learning acquisition. To place the spreads in the effectual use of ICT among the instructors and pupils. To propose new attacks for effectual use better the ICT.4. METHODology ( look other articles to compose )This survey explores the issues raised in these surveies in more deepness. In order to understand the difference in the perceptual experience of engineering among pupils and instructors of Engineering plan a sample of 500 pupils and 50 instructors was taken for the survey. The research worker collected informations utilizing a ego administered questionnaire. from a graded random sample of 500 pupils from different subjects of Engineering from Anna University. The study was conducted during the month of December 2011. The survey involved an in deepness interview with the instructors from assorted sections to understand their perceptual experience on use of engineering in teaching-learning procedure. A sample of 50 instructors has been taken for the survey. Out of the 50 instructor 20 are in their early 30 ‘s and 15 are in their late 40 ‘s and 15 above 50 ‘s. ( May be in consequences )( How many questionnaire distributed? No. of respondents: aˆÂ ¦ )5. RESULTS & A ; DiscussionThis survey has followed study method and in-depth interview methods to garner the information. Data collected from the different methods loosely classified in four classs like instructors and pupils Attitude to information engineering, Access to information engineering, Usage of ICT and educational content, Change in communicating form due to ICT. These provide a higher-level description of the manner in which pupils and instructors were utilizing engineerings and their associated perceptual experiences of engineerings. The consequences are presented and discussed below.Attitudes to Information TechnologyMajority favorable attitudes to the usage of ICT within the academic environmentTyping assignments 90 %Part of their surveies 95 %Supplementing other learning activities 72 %E-mailing inquiries to instructors 70 %Use computing machines as replacings to other traditional instruction activitiesMale 55 %Female 33 %Preferred utilizing the computing machine as a addendum to learningOlder pupils ( over 22 old ages ) 81 %Younger pupils ( 19 old ages and under ) 19 %Social networking site as observed by many research workersFacebook 92 %Download packages and music 94 %Small figure of pupils on-line purchasing of tickets – ?1. Opinion on ICT based instruction S. No. Description Yes To an Extent No 1 Do you experience incorporating ICT ( Information Communication Technology ) in instruction is of import? 2 Does your college encourage you to purchase new appliances and accoutrements? 3 Do you believe ICT ( information communicating engineering ) can counter the defect in traditional acquisition? 4 Is Blended acquisition ( utilizing computing machine based instruction as a auxiliary tool for learning ) beneficial? 5 Do you believe engineering has an impact on your day-to-day life? 6 Have engineering alterations the manner you communicate with your friends? List the activities you do with the computing machines? S. No. Description Regularly Frequently Occasionally Never 1 Lab work 2 Surf cyberspace 3 Prepare presentation 4 Make assignment 5 Play games 6 Look for lucifer tonss 7 Social media sites 8 Movies/song download 9 Search for intelligence updates 10 Others ( stipulate ) 9. Click the appliances you own from the list below S. No. Description Yes No 1 Laptops 2 Desktops/personal computing machine 3 Mobile with net installation ( GSM ) 4 Mobile without net installation ( GSM ) 5 Ipod 6 Ipad 7 Personal digital assistant 8 Pen thrust 9 External difficult disc 10 Others ( Specify ) This survey found that Engineering pupils were by and large favorable to ICT in an academic scene. The bulk ( 99 % ) of the sample expressed favorable attitudes to the usage of ICT within the academic environment. Computer ownership is high and pupils have become accustomed to being able to electronically entree information. The features of the net coevals are apparent in the information. Besides there is grounds from the information that there is a displacement from inactive to more synergistic facets of acquisition. Technology is at the bosom of all facets of their lives as bulk ( 87 % ) of the pupils own more than 5 appliances namly mobile phone, laptop, desktop, pendrive, mp3. However, pupils were immune to the usage of computing machines as full replacing of the regular, traditional instruction experience. This determination suggests pupils ‘ strong penchant for both signifiers of the academic experience ( i.e. , interaction with the instructor and interaction with information engineering ) . Furthermore, Frizler ( 1995 ) asserts that although computing machines can ne'er replace instructors, computing machines can â€Å" supply first-class and reasonably cheap auxiliary stuffs to heighten schoolroom direction † ( Bataineh and Baniabdelrahman, 2005 ) . Particularly, pupils were more inclined to utilize computing machines for: typewriting assignments ( 90 % ) , portion of their surveies ( 95 % ) , supplementing other learning activities ( 72 % ) , and e-mailing inquiries to instructors ( 70 ) . With regard to gender, no important gender differences were found bespeaking that both males and females by and large had a penchant for the usage of information engineering but the appliances owned by male pupils ( more than 5 ) were relatively more than the female pupils and the clip spent with engineering were higher among the male pupils. However, males ( 55 % ) , to a important grade, by and large preferred to utilize computing machines as replacings to other traditional instruction activities, compared to females ( 33 % ) . Refering comparings utilizing age, no important differences were found. However, a important age difference was found for utilizing the computing machine as a addendum to other instruction activities. Older pupils ( over 22 old ages ) ( 81 % ) preferred utilizing the computing machine as a addendum to instruction, compared to younger pupils ( 19 old ages and under ) . Students use engineerings in their mundane interactions with household and friends are different from their penchants for engineering usage in formal acquisition scenes. For many a pupil ‘s instant messaging and ( 90 % ) societal networking remain within the range of their private lives. Their preferable societal networking site as observed by many research workers remained to be face book ( 92 % ) . Apart from chew the fating over face book they besides used cyberspace to download package ‘s and music ( 94 % ) . Small figure of pupils ( 17 % ) said they do on-line purchasing of tickets, book and appliances. A complete tabular array needed and some graphsInformation seeking and managingStudents are adept at happening and pull stringsing relevant information and synthesising across different information beginnings and utilize a assortment of communicating tools to back up their acquisition demands. Students used the web extensively to widen their apprehension of constructs and supplement class stuff. Search engines and information sites such as Wikipedia were often mentioned. Several reported that seeking with Google was their first action when seeking to acquire information for an assignment. Some of the pupils have reported that they have non found relevant information and had to utilize alternate beginnings of paper- based information. A figure of pupils highlighted that a cardinal benefit of engineerings was the chances engineerings provide in footings of handiness. Despite the many favorable remarks about engineerings there were still some usability issues. Students were critical of severely designed web sites and package which appeared ‘old fashioned ‘ . They stated happening shoping through over-structured web sites, with ill designed pilotage frustrating, as they are used to the ( deceivingly ) simple and seemingly effectual interface of hunt engines. Specialised subject-based sites were often cited. Printed text editions were considered by some to be outdated and hard to digest but were still used by many as cardinal resources. A complete tabular array needed and some graphs . Purpose of internet use: Purpose of utilizing ICT S. No. Description Yes No 1 Doubt elucidations 2 To listen to Lecture 3 Research intents 4 Syllabus based entree 5 Measure yourself 6 Interaction with experts 7 To fix for scrutinies 8 To acquire depth cognition in the country of involvement 9 For undertaking plants 10 To seek occupation chances 11 To seek inside informations about higher surveiesChange in communicating formUse of communicating engineerings to back up their surveies was extended. Many pupils reported utilizing nomadic phones often to phone and text each other, to discourse issues related to their acquisition, and peculiarly for assignment questions. They expressed positive feelings about the communicating engineerings they used, though some found the frequent breaks which arose as a effect of this changeless communicating disruptive to analyze. Email was used universally and was the chief channel for communicating with coachs. About all our communications with the university are through electronic mail. They use email to pass on with everyone, particularly lectors ; set uping meetings, inquiring inquiries about work and questions over assignments, etc. Some preferable to utilize text messages and instant messaging with equals, using the extra functionality available with the latter for sharing files and organizing meetings. Instant courier, free to utilize, easy of usage to talk to people with fast response, ability to portion files across it, ability to work on group undertakings with it, and ability to video conference. Students expected and by and large received speedy responses to their electronic mails and appreciated the flexibleness this provided. Low cost communicating engineerings such as Skype ( package which allows pupils to name people for free or at a low cost via the cyberspace ) , MSN confab and electronic mail were considered priceless signifiers of communicating and were being used in a assortment of different ways ( student-student, student-friends/family, student-department/ university or coach ) . Skype was mentioned by some of the pupils as a cheap, easy manner to maintain in touch with friends and household. For some pupils text messaging and the nomadic phone, although popular, were regarded as more expensive options. Information retrieval from the web was chiefly for text-based stuffs, but pupils besides reported seeking for images ( to include in presentations ) . A complete tabular array needed and some graphs . Mode of Study stuffs circulated by your instructors S. No. Description Regularly Frequently Occasionally Never 1 Photocopy 2 Electronic mail 3 Books ( print ) 4 Pen thrust 5 Mobile 6 Others ( stipulate )Teachers perceptual experience of TechnologyMost of the instructor who were in their early 30s had some entree to computing machine in their higher instruction and hold gone about updating their cognition as they felt learning with the engineering is really effectual. They use power point slides for their category and give online mentions to the pupils. Many instructors felt that with the aid of engineering information aggregation and storage has simplified. They besides encourage pupils to make online entry and connected to pupils through groups and societal networking sites. Many of the instructors who are in their late 40 have non received any formal preparation in computing machine and have learned computing machine on occupation. They said they felt batch of trouble in the beginning but as they started utilizing it, it has simplified and enhanced their instruction. Most of the instructors still prefer books and are more comfy reading books that the vitamin E books. Almost all instructors are comfy with smart category suites and are utilizing batch of multimedia to do their instruction interesting and enlightening. Many of the instructors have besides expressed their sentiment that integrating ICT in learning is clip devouring and needs entree to batch of substructure. They want the establishment to recognize instructors to utilize ICT and supply the necessary substructure so that others who are non users of ICT will be motivated. A complete tabular array needed and some graphs 26. What do you believe is the chief hinderance for integrating of ICT ( information communicating engineering ) in teaching-learning procedure? S. No. Description Strongly Disagree Disagree No Opinion Agree Strongly Agree 1 Lack of Time 2 Syllabus force per unit area 3 Infrastructure inability 4 Addicted to the engineering 5 Not interacting face to confront with people 6 Additions disbursals 7 Others ( delight specify ) 18. Main manner of communicate with pupils S. No. Description Most frequently Frequently Sometimes Rarely Never 1 Face to confront 2 Electronic mails 3 Mobile rivers 4 Forums 5 Chat 6 Web log 7 Others ( Specify ) Mode of Teaching S. No. Description Most frequently Frequently Sometimes Rarely Never 1 Lecture 2 talk and utilize Blackboard 3 Lecture and usage OHP projector 4 Lecture and usage LCD projector 5 Tocopherol contentFINDINGS AND CONCLUSIONSelect of import points from the Results and Discussion and revision hereThis survey found that Engineering pupils were by and large favorable to ICT in an academic scene. Older pupils were more favorable to computing machine usage as a addendum to other instruction activities, compared to younger pupils. Students had entree to computing machines and the Internet off campus. There besides seems to be widespread use of assorted signifiers of information engineering such as Internet, WebCT and electronic mail. Students are comfy with engineering and see it as built-in portion of their life. They are on the whole, sophisticated users – utilizing different tools for different intents, critically cognizant of the pros and cons. Students have specific outlooks and the cyberspace is their first port of call for information and they expect entree to up-to-date/ relevant information and communicating ( with equals, coachs, etc. ) on demand. Teachers use of engineering is promotes pupil larning. Teachers are non merely actively integrating ICT in learning but are besides active web content supplier for the Engineering talks. Experiences instructors are supplying pictures based technology talks for assorted technology classs that are transmitted via orbiter to 39 attached Engineering colleges. Teachers are bit by bit change overing these picture lectures in the vitamin E content formats. Based on the above findings, it is recommended that academicians and class decision makers pay more attending sing the usage of ICT resources as a major constituent in schoolroom instruction. This should function to pull greater support for ICT and e-learning among all classs of pupils.Mentions:Farideh Hamidi, M. M. ( 2011 ) . Information Technology in Education. Procedia Computer Science 3, 369-373. Glenda Gay, S. M. ( 2006 ) . Percepts of information and communicating engineering among undergraduate direction pupils in Barbados. International Journal of Education and Development utilizing Information and Communication Technology ( IJEDICT ) , 9. GraA?inne Conole, M. d. ( 2008 ) . ‘Disruptive engineerings ‘ , ‘pedagogical invention ‘ : What ‘s new? Findingss from an in-depth survey of pupils ‘ usage and perceptual experience of engineering. Computers & A ; Education 50, 511-524. Grineski, S. ( 1999 ) . Questioning the Role of Technology in Higher Education: Why is this the Road Less Traveled? The Internet and Higher Education 2 ( 1 ) , 45A ± 54. Jef C. Verhoeven, D. H. ( 2010 ) . Information and communicating engineerings in the life of university freshers: An analysis of alteration. Computers & A ; Education 55, 53-66. Jing Lei, Y. Z. ( 2007 ) . Technology uses and student accomplishment: A longitudinal survey. Computers & A ; Education 49, 284-296. Kennedy, G. D. ( 2006 ) . The net coevals are non large users of Web 2.0 engineerings: Preliminary findings. ICT: Providing Choices for Learners and Learning. Oblinger, D. G. ( 2005 ) . Educating the net coevals. An Educause e-book publication, ( hypertext transfer protocol: //www.educause.edu/ir/library/pdf/pub7101.pdf ) . Prensky, M. ( 2001 ) . Digital indigens, digital immigrants. On the Horizon, 9 ( 5 ) . Monetary value, A. K. ( 2005, June ) . Learners and larning in the 21st century. Surveies in higher instruction, 257-274.2005. Ran Wei, L. L. ( 1998 ) . Owning and utilizing new media engineering as forecasters of quality of life. Telematics and Information sciences 15, 237-251. Sharpe, R. , Benfield, G. , Lessner, E. , & A ; DeCicco, E. ( 2005 ) . Concluding study: Scoping survey for the teaching method strand of the JISC acquisition programme, hypertext transfer protocol: //www.jisc.ac.uk/uploaded_documents /scoping % 20study % 20final % 20report % 20v4.1.doc [ 21/4/07 ] . Selwyn, N. ( 2003 ) . Apart from engineering: understanding people ‘s non-use of information and communicating engineerings in mundane life. Technology in Society 25, 99-116. Selwyn, N. ( 2007 ) . The usage of computing machine engineering in university instruction and acquisition: a critical position. Journal of Computer Assisted Learning, 83-94.Bhatkar ( 2011 ) , ‘New larning paradigms needed ‘ , Times of India, Retrived fromhypertext transfer protocol: //articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2011-02-22/pune/28625169_1_distance-learning-distance-education-ict ) . Gudanescu, S. ( 2010 ) . New educational engineerings. Procedia – Social and Behavioral Sciences, 2 ( 2 ) , 5646-5649. doi:10.1016/j.sbspro.2010.03.922 Romaniello, A. , Rey, U. , Carlos, J. , & A ; Medlin, D. ( 2010 ) . Higher instruction success and ICT. Bulletin of Applied Computing and Information Technology, 7 ( 1 ) , 109. Retrieved from hypertext transfer protocol: //books.google.com/books? id=6S0napW1w2kC & A ; pgis=1 ZeleA?akova , M. , Pavolova , H. , & A ; Bakalar, T. ( 2012 ) . Internet Communication in the Procedure of Education at Universities. Procedia – Social and Behavioral Sciences, 46, 2711-2715. doi:10.1016/j.sbspro.2012.05.552

People Who Influence Me

The Most Influential For each and every one of us, there has been at least one person who has influenced us. It can be a family member, a friend, or a teacher. It doesn't necessarily always have to do with doing better all the time, It can also be bad Influence as well. I chose good Influential people, which Is my father, my 5th grade teacher, and my best friend Junior. Although It can be anyone, those are the three people that have influenced me to do better in my life more than anyone else has. My mother, my brother, and a few other people in my life have also made a good difference.Even Hough I had plenty of other people be good influence to me, if I had to choose, I will still choose my father, my 5th grade teacher, and my best friend Junior again and again. My father immigrated to the United States from Mexico when he was only 16 years old all by himself. He started working immediately, and worked very hard. As soon as he turned 22 he bought his own house in the San Fernando Val ley. He didn't put 1,000 dollars down payment, he didn't put 10,000 down, nor did he put 50,000 down.He bought It all at once, he was so proud and now that he tells me about his story I am proud as well. Here Is a 16 year old boy who emigrated from Mexico, and worked so hard doing construction work. In about 5 years or so he managed to buy a 4 bedroom home. I mean when I think about it, who has a home this big by the age of 22? Let alone come from another country and learn everything on his own. He did this all by himself and even though he says it was hard, he never gave up. My father is about to turn 50 years old in a few months and till this day he is a hardworking man.He works a lot, but he still manages to communicate and spend time with his wife and children. The reason why my father is one of the most influential people in y life is because he taught me and still reminds me to never give up. No matter how far my dream Is or how big it is, he says to me â€Å"keep pushing and in a matter of time you'll get there. † It's great to see how much he had when he arrived to the US and how much he has at this moment. It's not all about the money, It's also the way he Is, the way he always keeps a positive energy around me when I don't feel motivated.For a man that has come this far, he has always stayed humble about it and I love that about him. Another person who has been a big influence in my life is my 5th grade teacher. Her name is Ms. Hollander and I believe she is around her ass's as of today. It's been 9 years since I was in the 5th grade and I know I will never forget her. This teacher always went out of her way for her students. Every time we had a test she would call her students the night before reminding us to get good sleep.The day of the test she would have breakfast for us to eat and always pushed us Into doing better. I had a lot of teachers every school year but she wasn't Just a teacher. Ms. Hollander was Like our second mother, literall y. She always brought In public speakers to talk to us, always got a hold of our parents and updated them. She gave us her cell phone number and her house number Just In case of an emergency. She was Just amazing! She always taught us to do well, in school, in life and overall in general. After we school.She would take us out shopping, to the movies and to theme parks Just to catch up on each other's lives. She was a teacher, a friend, a second mother, I cannot describe the feeling she gave to some of her students. She is one of the most influential people in my life because she never stopped pushing me into doing better. She also influenced me into doing the right thing all the time. To know how such a teacher could care so much about how a student is doing in school, not only for the 5th grade but up to college makes me feel good.She believes in her students, and no matter how much time passes by I know she will always care. The last person I chose for the 3 most influential peopl e in my life is Junior. Junior is 20 years old and has impacted my life greatly in many ways. He is one of the most caring people I have ever met in my life. He comes off hard, but he is the total opposite. I believe I have known him since I was 8 years young. This man has been here for me through my ups and downs since I could last remember. He has showed me throughout the years what a best friend truly is.One of the most influential things I appreciate him for is telling me the truth. When he sees me fall, he makes me pick myself up on my own so I can be strong. He has wise words that can change your whole point of view about something in a matter of seconds. He always makes me realize things that I don't want to realize. For example, I used to work and not go to school. I used to think work was more important than school. He gave me lectures, and gave me hard times until I literally went back to school. He always makes me realize what the right thing to do is.I thank him for givi ng me hard times about work because I can truly say If it wasn't for him I would not be writing this essay right now. I now I would of eventually went back to school but not as soon as I did because of him. That is one of the reasons why Junior is one of the most influential people in my life. He makes me want to do better in school all the time. These 3 people I mentioned are my top 3 influential people in my life. All 3 have made a drastic difference in my life for the better, and have also made me into the errors I am today.If I did not have my father I would not have the motivation I have today to reach my goals. If I did not have my 5th grade teacher in my life I would have never known how it feels to have a teacher who cares about me so much that she still wants to know how I am doing 9 years later. She is like an angel in disguise. If Junior was not in my life, I would not attend college as soon as I did or maybe never attended at all. He saw potential in me that I didn't see in myself. I love everyone who has influenced me in a good way and I will forever be grateful.

Anthropogenic and natural factor associated with high GHGs concentration in the atmosphere

Anthropogenic and natural factor associated with high GHGs concentration in the atmosphere In the Atmosphere, there are many chemical compounds that are described as greenhouse gases due to their characteristics. These gases allow solar radiation (shortwave radiation) to penetrate freely through the Earth’s atmosphere thereby heating the land surface and oceans. When the earth’s surface is heated and warms up, it releases the heat in the form of infrared light (longwave radiation), invisible to human eyes. Some of the infrared light released by the Earth passes through the atmosphere back into space. However, greenhouse gases will not let all the infrared light pass through the atmosphere. They absorb some and radiate it back down to the Earth. This phenomenon, called the greenhouse effect, is naturally occurring and helps to regulate and maintain the warmth of the earth’s surface. It is vital to our survival on Earth. Without the greenhouse effect, the Earth’s average surface temperature would be about 15Â ° Celsius cooler, and life would be u nbearable. Human activities, however, have contributed greatly to an increase in the number of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere. Emissions started to rise dramatically in the 1800s due to the Industrial Revolution and changes in land use. Although greenhouse-gas-emitting activities are essential to the world economy and a fundamental part of modern life, they have majorly contributed to climate change and the increase in the average global temperatures. Anthropogenic Factors Contributing to High GHGs Human activities result in emissions of four principal greenhouse gases: carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4), nitrous oxide (N2O) and the halocarbons (a group of gases containing fluorine, chlorine, and bromine). These gases accumulate in the atmosphere, causing concentrations to increase with time. Significant increases in these gases have occurred in the industrial era and the increase is attributable to human activities; The following are some of the contributors of increased Greenhouse Gases in the atmosphere from anthropogenic activities; Agricultural Activities The increase in Methane concentration is attributable to human activities in agriculture, natural gas distribution, and landfills. In agriculture, it is estimated that Rice cultivation releases methane roughly one-fifth to one-quarter of global methane emissions from human activities. Accounting for over 90 percent of all rice production, wetland rice is grown in fields that are flooded or irrigated for much of the growing season. Bacteria and other micro-organisms in the soil of the flooded rice paddy decompose organic matter and produce methane. Domesticated animals especially cattle emit methane. Methane is produced by cattle, dairy cows, buffalo, goats, sheep, camels, pigs, and horses. Most livestock-related methane emissions are produced by enteric fermentation of food by bacteria and other microbes in the animals digestive tracts; another source is the decomposition of animal manure. Livestock account for about one-quarter of the methane emissions from human activities, which total to about 100 million tonnes annually. Carbon Emissions Carbon dioxide has increased from fossil fuel use in transportation, building heating and cooling and the manufacture of cement and other goods. Deforestation releases CO2 and reduces its uptake by plants. Carbon dioxide is also released in natural processes such as the decay of plant matter. Carbon dioxide from the burning of fossil fuels is the largest single source of greenhouse gas emissions from anthropogenic activities. Most emissions associated with energy use result from the combustion of fossil fuels. Oil, natural gas, and coal (which emits the most carbon per unit of energy supplied) furnish most of the energy used to produce electricity, factories, in-vehicle engines and houses heating. If fuel is burned completely, the only by-product containing carbon would be carbon dioxide. But combustion is often incomplete, so carbon monoxide and other hydrocarbons are also produced. The supply and use of fossil fuels account for about three-quarters of human carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions, one-fifth of the methane (CH4), and a significant quantity of nitrous oxide (N2O). It also produces nitrogen oxides (NOx), hydrocarbons (HC), and carbon monoxide (CO), which, though not greenhouse g ases themselves, influence chemical cycles in the atmosphere that create or destroy other greenhouse gases, such as tropospheric ozone. Nitrous Oxides emissions Nitrous oxide and other nitrogen oxides are produced because fuel combustion causes nitrogen in the fuel or air to combine with oxygen in the air. Nitrous oxide is also emitted by human activities such as the use of fertilizer which increases nitrous oxide emissions. The nitrogen contained in many fertilizers enhances the natural processes of nitrification and denitrification carried out by bacteria and other microbes in the soil. Human Induced Ozone Ozone is a greenhouse gas that is continually produced and destroyed in the atmosphere by chemical reactions. In the troposphere, human activities have increased ozone through the release of gases such as carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons, and nitrogen oxide, which chemically react to produce ozone. As mentioned above, halocarbons released by human activities destroy ozone in the stratosphere and have caused the ozone hole over Antarctica. Halocarbon gas concentrations have increased primarily due to human activities. Principal halocarbons include the chlorofluorocarbons (e.g., CFC-11 and CFC-12), used extensively as refrigerants and in other industrial processes.

Ethics and Global Warming Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Ethics and Global Warming - Assignment Example This study will illustrate how the ethical analysis and evaluation can help to realize the nature of climate problem and restriction on potential solutions. In order to do so, the study will concentrate on how the climate change threatens the essential value. Moreover, this study will raise serious concerns of responsibility and fairness. Global Climate Change and Ethical Action Challenges Global climate change is most serious challenge towards ethical action. Climate change can be described as the appropriate moral storm as it brings several key challenges to the ethical action. Climate change is truly a global phenomenon. Emission of greenhouse gases is the major consequence of global warming. This greenhouse gas emission is affecting the planet. Increasing greenhouse gas emission can increase the average surface temperature of globe. It is true that all countries in the world are collaboratively trying to reduce the level of green house gas emission, but on individual basis, each country prefers to continue greenhouse gas emitting. Several unethical business practices and increasing green house gas emission is one of the major reasons behind the global climate change. Therefore, it is important for all the countries and states to minimize the harmfulness of the climate change in order to save future global generation. Emission of green house gases should be reduced significantly as soon as possible (Jamieson, 1992). Moreover, it is the responsibility of the developed countries to take serious initiatives so that other countries and states can follow the p athway.... Emission of this greenhouse gas is contributing to negative impacts on climate for centuries. It is unfair if these negative impacts are cumulative and severe. Moreover, temporal diffusion can create several collective ethical action problems. It is more challenging comparing to the common traditional tragedy. Underdeveloped theoretical tools in several relevant areas, such as intergenerational ethics, international justice, scientific uncertainty and strong relationship between nature and human being is another significant challenge to the ethical actions. For an example, global climate change can raise questions about the moral value of several nonhuman natures, such as obligations to protect unique place, nonhuman animals and rest of the nature. In addition, potentiality for catastrophic results and existence of scientific uncertainty put pressures internally on several standard and effective economic approaches to several environmental problems. Moreover, these will play an impor tant role in the arguments for the defensive approach in the environmental policy and law. Global climate change is raising several questions about how an individual should relate to the nature and nonhuman animals. Addressing Global Climate Change Environmental damage has become one of the most important global threats. Heating up atmosphere due to deadly methane and carbon dioxide gas emission is affecting modern day civilization. Majority of the individuals feel that acceptance of the global warming is a natural phenomenon. On the other hand, according to various environmental scientists, global climate change is the major consequence of global warming. Several unethical and irresponsible human activities are major key drivers of global

Dred Scott v. Sandford (1875) Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Dred Scott v. Sandford (1875) - Term Paper Example This case was and has still remained to be one of the most significant cases that were ever heard in the US Supreme Court: hence, my reason for choosing it. Specifically, this case through its outcome that was controversial led to the civil war outbreak between the northern and southern American states (Konig, Finkelman & Bracey, 2010). The main subject matter in this case is noisy historical and constitutional debates that led to the outbreak of American Civil War and which also propelled Abraham Lincoln to White House as the President of America. His outright opposition of the ruling of the Supreme Court, which galvanized the abolition movement, spurred the resurgence of his political career. Additionally, this case outline the concept of citizenship as being essential in attaining certain matters such suing in a court of law (Greenberg, 2010). For instance, among the reasons why Scott’s case was dropped in the Missouri courts was that him and other slaves were not US citize ns, and as such, could not file petitions in court or sue in any form. In reality, the court acknowledged that slaves could be moved from one state to another without any objection from them. In choosing this case, I have also incorporated another key aspect or question used to define the case, which was whether an African American such as Dred Scott could be part of a political community/movement created by the US citizens in terms of membership (Herda, 2011). While Dred Scott did not out rightly win his freedom through the American court systems, the valiant fight he put up, with the help of his family, friends and lawyers led to the emergence of the Civil War that eventually brought an end to slavery. I find this aspect quite essential and which one can learn from with regards to defining the history of the civil war. Summary of Sources The following articles obtained from the State Historical Society of Missouri have been used in support of this case analysis. 1. Ehrlich, Walter . â€Å"Was the Dred Scott Case Valid?† v. 63, no. 3 (April 1969), pp. 317-328. In this article, the author seeks to redefine the concepts of the case of Dred Scott v. Sandford by unwrapping one of the most dodgy questions have had in their minds: was the case valid? In this article, Ehrlich seeks to determine the case’s genuineness by noting that in delivering the ruling, Chief Justice Roger B. Taney might have taken sides so as to bring a ruling against or for slavery. However, he notes that this was immediately contended with some people disagreeing and regarding the ruling as fictitious. Since these allegations could not be overruled, Ehrlich in this article seeks to verify the same on whether there were any political inspirations behind the oppositions (Ehrlich, 1969). 2. Dred Scott v. Sandford" Great Events from History: North American Series Ed. Frank Northen Magill and John L. Loos. Salem Press, Inc. 1997 eNotes.com 6 Nov, 2013 http://www.enotes.com/topics/dred -scott-v-sandford/reference#reference-dred-scott-v-sandford-483926 In this article, the theme concept is to outline the ruling by the Supreme Court in application that the Congress cannot limit slavery into the territories originally recognized for the same. This article brings into limelight the political repercussions that originated from the initial Supreme Court ruling. By not limiting slavery territories, the Supreme Court

Should U.S immigration law be changed to allow more workers from Essay

Should U.S immigration law be changed to allow more workers from Mexico to enter legally - Essay Example The U.S government is trying create legislation concerning Mexican immigrants who legally enter the country and regulating the number of Mexican illegal immigrants. Despite a lot of controversy, the U.S government has not resolve the problem yet. Mexican immigration is a problem that the people of America and Mexico can not resolve easily. In this paper, I will identify the concerns of people who think illegal Mexican immigrants have negative impacts on the U.S economically and socially. Even though there are some people who advocate accepting Mexican immigrants, there are a lot of people still in opposition of Mexican immigration. A high percentage of U.S. citizens are opposed to Mexican immigration. These citizens are made up of a majority of low-income people, various minorities, and blacks. These people compete with the illegal Mexican immigrates for lower paying jobs. The illegal Mexican immigration brings out economical problems. According to Steven A. Camarota, over 55 percent of Americans are against the amnesty of illegal Mexican immigrants. In addition, 62 percent of these Americans come from low-income households and are opposed to accepting Mexican illegal immigrants (Camarota, p.1). Since, the illegal Mexican immigrants are cheap labor; low-income natives are concerned the illegal Mexican immigrants will lower the average wages. Furthermore, because employers prefer to hire illegal Mexican immigrants, for cheap labor, the economist are worried about the increased unemployment rate of natives. Economists are also concerned that illegal Mexican immigrants will have a negative impact on the U.S. economy. The illegal Mexican immigrants not only lower the wage of low-income natives, but they also increase the unemployment rate of uneducated youth. The inflow of illegal Mexican immigrants into U.S industry makes the supply of workers increase. Naturally, the excess supply of workers reduces average wages; the employer than can keep

The indian Ocean History of Global Trading in Pearls and Silk and its Essay

The indian Ocean History of Global Trading in Pearls and Silk and its Impact on Cultures - Essay Example This realization becomes evident through the analysis of global interdependence between countries for commodities in trend during the early Roman kingdom of the first century c.e. It is very exiting to know that trade through the Indian Ocean was in full swing even in ancient times when there were no ships and other secure means of transportation of goods through the sea-channels. It was the monsoon system that made navigation easy from one part of the world to another through sea route. The Arab and Indian mariners had full knowledge of the flow of monsoon winds, helping the sailing of boats carrying goods for shipping in the Indian Ocean. Later, this knowledge got transferred to mariners from Ptolemaic Egypt. Winds in winter time blow from the northeast uninterruptedly and in summer they come from the southwest. This awareness of the monsoon cycle helped sailors to roam about everywhere across the Indian Ocean (The Formation of Classical Societies 159). Global trade was on the high at the finish of the first century B.C. among the five close rulers of that time: the Roman kingdom, the Parthian kingdom, the Kushan kingdom, the nomadic alliance of Xiongnu, and the Han Kingdom. Global trading routes were created from the Greco-Roman city of Antioch, passing through the Syrian Desert through Palmyra to Ctesiphon, the Parthian capital city, finally reaching Seleucia, situated on the Tigris River, as one can see from the map below (Department of Ancient Near Eastern Art par. 1). Eastern side of the old world reachable to travelers in the first century  A.D. http://www.metmuseum.org/toah/hg/hg_d_trade_d2map.gif The most critical port situated on the Persian Gulf, becoming a medium of distribution of commodities, was the port of Spasinu Charax, as shown in the map above (on the left of the Parthian Empire). The whole of Parthian kingdom, starting from the Tigris to Ctesiphon to Euphrates to Dura-Europos, and also covering the connected cities of the Arabian and Syr ian Desert were supplied the goods shipped via the oceanic route. A number of land passages also got stationed at ports situated on the eastern Mediterranean, as from here the goods used to be supplied to adjacent cities (Department of Ancient Near Eastern Art par. 2). The Roman maritime trade routes with the East via Red Sea got dense, initiating commercial growth but from the culture point of view, trade in eastern commodities was seen in the kind of a fiscal crisis and moral risk. Financially, the trade with India was causing huge deficit to the Roman economy in the first century c.e. Commodities trade of the Roman Empire with India was seen more risky for creating ethical meaning of going against the philosophy of stoicism than treading on an economic danger zone. The cause behind this ethical consideration was that Romans considered fashion-related commodities such as silk and precious gem stones to be more objectionable to their philosophy of stoicism than pepper, as use of lu xury commodities indicated the human degeneration that Roman stoicism wanted to maintain distance with (Fitzpatrick 31). As the two commodities discussed include pears and silk, it would be pertinent to know how they were harvested and produced in the ancient times. There has been a history behind the finding of pearls and using them as an item of beauty enhancing jewelry. The Gulf of Mannar is understood to be one of the areas where pearls used to be harvested

Complaints Against an Attorney Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Complaints Against an Attorney - Essay Example The subchapter 8.100 of the Michigan Court rules clearly states some rules that regulate the conduct of attorneys. In addition, the Michigan Supreme Court occasionally produces administrative orders, which can have the same effect of the Michigan Court Rules governing attorney practices. (Michigan legal ethics). Michigan attorneys are accountable for their misconducts regardless of whether or not they are occurred in the course of an attorney-client relationship. According to the section 0.2:240 of the Michigan Rules of Professional Conduct, misconduct can be referred to as â€Å"conduct prejudicial to the proper administration of justice† or â€Å"conduct that exposes the legal profession or the courts to obloquy contempt, censure or reproach† (Michigan legal ethics). An individual can file a complaint against the attorney if the individual truly believes that the attorney’s conduct was against justice, professional ethics, honesty and good morals. If the attorney’s conduct does not meet the Standards of Professional Responsibility set by the Supreme Court, he will be found guilty. An individual can file a Request for Investigation if the attorney’s conduct is contrary to US’ or any of its states’ criminal law. An attorney will be found accountable for his misconduct if he intentionally misrepresents any fact or circumstance. In short, an individual can file a Request for Investigation against an attorney if the complainant really believes that the conduct of the attorney was against his professional ethics. Anyone can file a complaint against an attorney licensed by the State Bar of Michigan or permitted by an authoritative court by filling and signing the Request for Investigation form of AGC. In addition, the complaint can also be filed by sending in a signed letter. According to the Attorney Grievance Commission, â€Å"The form or letter must be signed and sufficiently describe the alleged

Michael Sandels Designer Babies Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 2

Michael Sandels Designer Babies - Essay Example The title of the essay, Designer Babies, can elicit reader’s interest and maintain it throughout the article as they strive to comprehend the circumstances surrounding designing of babies. The article is logically organized into introduction, body, and conclusion, with captivating subtitles that are crucial elements of a well-structured essay. The thesis statement is found in the first paragraph where the author argues that some people accept sex selection for children; however, researchers have not addressed other issues such as physical appearance and intelligence. Another feature that makes the article rather captivating constitutes excellent transitions between paragraphs and effective use of rhetoric questions. Paragraph transitions are organized in such a way that they answer questions posed in the previous paragraphs, or pose a question for discussion in the paragraph. Rhetoric questions are vital in this essay as they help in engaging the reader as the article progress es. The writer does not use numbering in the article, but organizes the essay into varying lengths of paragraphs with clear distinctions between paragraph ideas. Long paragraphs are used to explain the author’s ideas, while short paragraphs at the end of the chapters are used to summarize ideas and giving conclusive solutions to questions of the subtitles. Sandel refers to historical events when discussing his opinions to support his views. For example, when discussing the use of genetic testing.